1.3. Kooli juhtimine

The project partners designed and implemented a new anti-bullying programme in schools in five EU countries. It drew on the experiences of existing programmes and practices originated by the project partners working in different cultural contexts.  It provided further evidence of effective approaches to the reduction of bullying in schools that will inform the development of improved child centred, whole school strategies for adoption at European level.

The project goal is to provide a comprehensive analysis of best practices for preventing ESL in partner countries in the areas: of ESL monitoring systems; and, methods of counteracting ESL and reintegrating students.

Project partners were from Poland, the UK and Italy. Outputs include a report on ESL monitoring systems, a report on prevention and reintegration methods, and a training pack.

Essunga, a Swedish municipality, transformed the ranking of its schools from the bottom to the top of the national school league tables between 2007 to the top in 2010. Essunga has three elementary schools and one lower secondary school (grades 6-9). With 5,500 citizens, it is one of the smallest municipalities in the country. The increase in levels of achievement is attributed to a research-based approach of inclusive education. For years, the three elementary schools in Essunga had consistently experienced low educational levels. An increasing number of students were refugees or in “family placements”. In 2007, only 76% of students were eligible for upper secondary school and 20% of these were placed in special education classes. These results compelled political and school leaders and school staff to identify targeted measures to address these challenges. The municipality focused on interventions at school and in the local community to prevent school absence and increase attendance.

Koolist väljalangemise vältimiseks keskenduvad Godaleni ja Thor Heyerdahli keskkoolid Norras koolide juhtimisstrateegiate parandamisele. Nendes koolides on välja töötatud hulk meetmeid nii õpetajate kui ka noorte toetamiseks.

„Iirimaa kogemuse põhjal on selge, et haridusalgatused koolides võivad tõsta algatustes osalevate täiskasvanute haridustaset, ning suurendada seeläbi kohaliku kogukonna üldist mõjuvõimu. Vanemate kaasamine, eelkõige sotsiaal-majanduslikes raskustes olevates piirkondades, ei too kasu üksnes lastele ja koolidele – see on elukestva õppe väga oluline tegur.“ (Parents as Partners in Schooling, OECD 1997).

In the school year 2015/16 the Schulzentrum Ybbs (a school center consisting of three vocational upper secondary schools) introduced a concept called IndY, which involves that 20% of the teaching time is intended for individualized learning. IndY aims at improving students’ expertise, motivation, self-responsibility, self-management, collaborative skills, emotional intelligence and learning methods.

Inimõigusi austav kool on UNICEF-UK lähenemine, mis viib ÜRO lapse õiguste konventsiooni kooli terviklikku laste õiguste alasesse haridusse. Selle lähenemise üldine eesmärk on luua osalemist võimaldav, kaasav ja ohutu koolikultuur, kus on tagatud kõigi koolikogukonna liikmete vastastikune austamine. UNICEFi laste õiguste alase hariduse töövahend annab näpunäiteid, kuidas saada inimõigusi austavaks kooliks. Iga kool kohandab töövahendi enda olukorra järgi. Selline lähenemine muudab koolis kõigi suhteid ja seda saab kasutada igasuguses koolis. Inimõigusi austava kooli raames loodud töövahendi eesmärk on pakkuda aluspõhimõtet koolielu ja -töö korraldamiseks ning see laieneb ka peredele ja kogukonnale, kes kooliga kokku puutuvad. On kolm arenguetappi. Teine ja kolmas etapp (1. ja 2. tase) on sarnased. Eesmärk on ellu viia tegevuskava, mis koostati tunnustamise etapis, et vastata inimõigusi austava kooli neljale standardile: 1. Kooli juhitakse inimõigusi austaval viisil. 2. Kogu koolikollektiiv õpib tundma lapse õiguste konventsiooni. 3. Koolis austatakse inimõigusi. 4. Lapsi õpetatakse olema aktiivne kodanik ja õppija.

The Joaquim Ruyra Elementary School is located in a disadvantaged suburban district of Barcelona. In the 2016-2017 school year, 92% students were immigrants representing 28 different nationalities (including Pakistan, Morocco, Georgia, Colombia, the Dominican Republic, Ecuador, Peru, the Philippines, China, Bangladesh, Senegal, and the USA) or from minority background (Romani). The school has a 40% mobility rate.  

National and international press have referred to the school as the miracle school as it had achieved academic outcomes above the average in the Catalan standardised tests, outperforming elite schools in the Catalonia region.

All classes in the school feature group work 40% to 60% of the time. The groups mix students of different abilities, genders and nationalities.  The small groups are designed to ensure that no one is left out, and students are encouraged to participate actively.  Each group is facilitated by an adult (e.g. a classroom assistants, a parent).  Psychologists and special education teachers may also work in the classrooms, and they support volunteer parents, teachers and the students.  The extra support and student interaction are considered as essential for supporting and reinforcing children’s learning. 

Koolijuhtimise Euroopa võrgustik (EPNoSL – European Policy Network on School Leadership) on välja töötanud töövahendi, mille abil saab analüüsida, leida ja valida esmatähtsaid tegevusi eesmärgiga edendada võrdsust ja õppimist soosivat koolijuhtimist. See on suunatud poliitikakujundajatele, haridusasutustele, teadlastele ja juhtimiskoolitajatele. Koolijuhtimise töövahend on loodud selleks, et analüüsida, millist mõju avaldavad koolijuhtimise strateegiad ja programmid koolijuhtide ja koolide üldisele võimekusele tegeleda tõhusalt ja järjepidevalt võrdsuse ning õppimisega seotud probleemidega oma koolis. See sisaldab palju kasulikke materjale, videoid, juhtumiuuringuid ja töövahendeid koolijuhtimise eri tahkude jaoks.